This paper computes estimates of the potential for Extensive Reading (ER) and Extensive Viewing (EV) to support the academic and discipline-specific vocabulary needs of students. These findings open new perspectives on reading and language comprehension and illustrate the capability of modern language models to inform understanding of human language processing. Our findings suggest that predictions for upcoming words can be made based on the analysis of text statistics and that these predictions guide how our eyes interrogate text at very short timescales. Strong predictions that were incorrect resulted in a prediction error cost on fixation durations. These predictions were highly accurate and showed a tight relationship to fine-grained aspects of eye-movement behaviour when adults read those same passages, including whether to skip the next word and how long to spend on it. We used a powerful language model (GPT-2) to derive predictions of upcoming words in text passages. This study considered how predictions of upcoming words impact on this skilled behaviour. Reading is not an inborn human capability, and yet, English-speaking adults read with impressive speed. Reading rates in other languages can be predicted reasonably well by taking into account the number of words these languages require to convey the same message as in English. For silent reading of English non-fiction most adults fall in the range of 175 to 300 wpm for fiction the range is 200 to 320 wpm. Within each group/task there are reliable individual differences, which are not yet fully understood. The reading rates are in line with maximum listening speed and do not require the assumption of reading-specific language processing. Reading rates are lower for children, old adults, and readers with English as second language. The average oral reading rate (based on 77 studies and 5,965 participants) is 183 wpm. The reasons for the overestimates are reviewed. The estimates are lower than the numbers often cited in scientific and popular writings. The difference can be predicted by taking into account the length of the words, with longer words in non-fiction than in fiction. You cannot get this book with Strength rank of 5 or 6 on the Basketball Team.Based on the analysis of 190 studies (18,573 participants), we estimate that the average silent reading rate for adults in English is 238 words per minute (wpm) for non-fiction and 260 wpm for fiction. The O-Cha Way requires Strength rank of 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, or 9 on August 10th (8/10) if Basketball.Say you're allergic to Algebra as a response to get the book. Go to your room on this day with a rank of 4 to receive a call from Kou for a study date on the upcoming Sunday. Poly-land requires Strength rank of 4 on July 15th (7/15).
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